With the continuous increase of aquaculture density and continuous advance of the time required to reach the market specifications, farmers raised higher requirements for the quality of aquatic feed. Under this case, usually people will adopt a high-fat and high-protein formula to supply more fat for energy supply to achieve the purpose of protein saving, thereby promoting the growth of aqua.
The overhigh fat also brings the burden of digestion, absorption and metabolism to functional organs. During the aquatic high season, the increase in feeding will further aggravate the burden of functional organs.
Liver is the main organ of fat metabolism. There will be oxidative damage, fat accumulation, and dysfunction in the liver when fatty acids cannot be fully oxidized and decomposed in the liver for energy supply, or the re-synthesized triglycerides cannot be transported out of the liver in time. Problems such as gridding liver, pale liver, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, liver necrosis and so on.
When there’s a problem, there’re solutions!
Usually some additives will be used to regulate fat nutrition, and there is no doubt that bile acid, Choline, L- carnitine are the three of highest possibility.
What is the dominant role of these three additives?
Where does it come into play?
What about the effect?
Today, all the details collected will be shared here.BILE ACID
The structure and appearance are shown below:
Leading role
① Bile acid promotes fat digestion and absorption, but not fat metabolism. There are three ways to promote fat digestion and absorption: emulsifying fat, regulating lipase activity, and promote absorption through forming a compound with fatty acids before entering the intestinal chorionic membrane.
② Bile acid can effectively decompose endotoxin, prevent its accumulation in the liver, protect and enhance liver function, and at the same time, deoxycholic acid in bile acid can stimulate hepatocytes to secrete a large amount of bile and eliminate the accumulation of bile in the duct, while toxic substances like medicines, heavy metals, etc. are excreted with the bile and finally play the role of "protecting the liver and gallbladder" (ROMAŃSKI, 2007).
Action site
Hepatogut (hepatointestinal circulation of bile acids)
Effect
According to the data collected, the effects of bile acids on the growth performance of aquatic animals are positive. The optimal addition amount for different fish species have big differences, and even for the same species, the addition levels for different weight or different nutrition levels are quite different. It is recommended to comprehensively consider the amount of bile acid added according to fish species, body weight, feed nutrition level, etc. Suggestions on the dosage as below:
CHOLINE
The structure and appearance are shown as below:
Leading role
Promote fat metabolism (transport triglyceride out of the liver).
Triglycerides synthesized by fatty acids in the liver must pass through very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) to be transported out of the liver. Phospholipids are essential substances for the synthesis of lipoproteins, and choline is also an essential substance for the synthesis of various phospholipids (such as lecithin-phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, plasmalogen, etc.) (LAILA et al., 2015).
Action site
Liver
Effect
According to the data collected, the effects of choline on the growth performance of aquatic animals are positive. The optimal dosage of different fish species varies greatly. It is recommended to comprehensively consider the amount of choline added based on fish type, body weight, nutrition level, etc.
L-CARNITINE
The structure and appearance are shown below:
Leading role
Promote fat metabolism (promote the oxidative decomposition of fatty acids from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria for energy supply). L-carnitine assists long-chain fatty acids from the cytoplasm of liver cells into mitochondria, and promotes the further oxidation and decomposition of fatty acids for energy supply.
Action site
liver
Effect
According to the data collected, the effect of L-carnitine on the growth performance of aquatic animals is inconsistent, which may be related to the fish species, size, and amount of L-carnitine added.
The above data shows that these three additives do play a certain role in regulating fat nutrition, but their function on the repair of liver after damage is very limited. In actual production, many factors can cause damage to the liver (as shown in the figure below), of which oxidative stress is the core factor that causes liver damage. Therefore, enhancing the liver's antioxidant capacity and maintaining its structural integrity and normal function are effective measures to protect the liver's health.
Mytech adopts a combined liquid enzymolysis process to degrade plant proteins into small molecule peptides, in which the small molecular bioactive peptides, <1000Da, composed of 2-6 amino acids, account for more than 24% of the entire substances. These small-molecule bioactive peptides can promote the development of functional organs, enhance the antioxidant capacity of the body (reducing the content of oxidative products and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, as shown in the figure below), and ensure the integrity of cell structure and normal functions, thereby promoting liver health.
Summary
With the arrival of aqua high season, it is the top priority to protect the health of the liver.
A combined use of commonly used additives with small molecular bioactive peptides will do you great favor.
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